Due to industrial revolution and anthropogenic activities carbon-di-oxide (CO2 ) in the atmosphere has increased day by day. Deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, forest fires resulting in the enhancement of CO2 in the ocean ecosystem. About 30% of the atmospheric CO2 is absorbed by the ocean surface water which results in carbonic acids. The carbonic acids formed cause harmful effects to marine aquatic lives including sea animals and seaweeds. A series of chemical reactions results in the formation of carbonic acids and bicarbonates which has a bad impact on the living creatures. Marine organisms, especially hard shell containing species like corals and oysters become more effective as their skeleton is formed by the dissolved carbonate and calcium. On the other hand, clownfish have decreased in the additional acidic waters than normal marine water. Around 14-17 billion years ago, at the age of the middle Miocene, the pH of the ocean was less than 8 which resembles the present day environment (https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts/ocean-acidification).
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Satpati G.G., 2023. Ocean acidification: positive and negative impacts on seaweeds. Examines in Marine Biology & Oceanography 6(2): 000631. doi: 10.31031/EIMBO.2023.06.000631. Article.
